Hence, could the Republic of Ireland meet its climate goals without DAC? Overall, we conclude that there are numerous gaps to fill only with renewables and ignoring alternatives such as DAC can be counterproductive. The time scheduled to switch towards a free carbon economy is tight. Meanwhile, the Republic of Ireland is putting aside these alternatives. Certain countries and business are funding projects to remove the CO 2 from the atmosphere. Thus, there is a strong reliance on fossil fuels from specific sectors that will keep polluting in the near future. Yet, its emissions will remain constant regardless of the measures taken. The Republic of Ireland set an ambitious plan to finish its dependence on fossil fuels. The study highlights the methods to remove permanently the CO 2 from the atmosphere and its uses for sectors that find difficulties to decarbonise. This literature review provides background on the energy demand and the emissions related to the consumption across the country. The article exhibits the most updated information to emphasise the importance of expanding its commercialisation and social acceptance in the Republic of Ireland. The implementation and the development of modern technologies, such as Direct Air Capture (DAC) will play a key role in mitigating climate change. Global temperature will surpass the threshold of 1.5 This strategy significantly boosts the economics and sustainability of MTO process. Fluidized bed reactor-regenerator pilot experiments show that an unexpectedly high light olefins selectivity of 85% is achieved in MTO reaction with 88% valuable CO and H2 and negligible CO2 as byproducts from regeneration under industrial-alike continuous operations. Here, we demonstrate a strategy of directly transforming coke to naphthalenic species in SAPO-34 zeolites via steam cracking. Density functional theory calculations and structured illumination microscopy reveal that naphthalenic cations, active HCPs enhancing ethylene production, are highly stable within SAPO-34 zeolites at high temperature. removing coke via air combustion or steam gasification, unavoidably eliminates the active hydrocarbon pool species (HCPs) favoring light olefins formation. Common practice to recover catalyst activity, i.e. Methanol-to-olefins (MTO), the most important catalytic process producing ethylene and propylene from non-oil feedstocks (coal, natural gas, biomass, CO2, etc.), is hindered by rapid catalyst deactivation due to coke deposition.
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